Role of resistance training in bone macro and micro damages in an estrogen absence animal model

Graziéle F. Deriggi-Pisani, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), CEP: 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: grapisani@ufscar.br.
Uliana S. Stotzer, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), CEP: 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
Rita C. Marqueti, Laboratory of Molecular Analysis, Faculty of Ceilândia, Universidade de Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
Maria F. Rodrigues, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), CEP: 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
Bruna G. Biffe, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), CEP: 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
Karina A. Silva, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), CEP: 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
Victor Fabricio, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), CEP: 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
Clifford J. Rosen, MaineHealth Institute for Research, Scarborough, ME.Follow
Heloisa S. Sobreiro de Araujo, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), CEP: 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

1-20-2023

Institution/Department

MaineHealth Institute for Research

Journal Title

Life sciences

Abstract

AIMS: We evaluated the effects of resistance training (RT) on bone properties, morphology, and bone extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling markers in an ovariectomy (OVX) rat model. MAIN METHODS: Thirty-six female rats were divided into four groups: sham sedentary, OVX sedentary, sham RT, and OVX RT. Rats performed RT for ten weeks, during which they climbed a ladder with progressive loads attached to the tail. Tibias were stored for dual-energy X-ray densitometry (DXA), micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), and biomechanical, biophysical, and biochemical analysis. Femurs were stored for morphological, gene expression, and gelatin zymography analysis. KEY FINDINGS: OVX decreased bone mineral density, stiffness, maximal load, and calcium content, which was reversed by RT. The trabecular number, connectivity, and MMP-13 gene expression decreased in OVX groups. Furthermore, OVX increased run-related transcription factor-2 (RUNX-2) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) gene expression, and increased the number of adipocytes in bone marrow and MMP-2 activity. SIGNIFICANCE: RT was efficient in preventing or reversing changes in bone biomechanical properties in OVX groups, improving fracture load and resilience, which is relevant to prevent fractures. On the other hand, RT did not decrease the number of bone adipocytes in the OVX-RT group. However, RT was efficient for increasing trabecular thickness and cortical bone volume, which improved bone resistance. Our findings provide further insights into the mechanisms involved in the role of RT in OVX damage protection.

First Page

121417

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