Wilderness Medical Society practice guidelines for the prevention and treatment of frostbite: 2014 update.

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

12-1-2014

Institution/Department

Emergency

Journal Title

Wilderness & environmental medicine

MeSH Headings

Frostbite, Humans, Practice Patterns, Physicians', Societies, Medical, Wilderness Medicine

Abstract

The Wilderness Medical Society convened an expert panel to develop a set of evidence-based guidelines for the prevention and treatment of frostbite. We present a review of pertinent pathophysiology. We then discuss primary and secondary prevention measures and therapeutic management. Recommendations are made regarding each treatment and its role in management. These recommendations are graded on the basis of the quality of supporting evidence and balance between the benefits and risks or burdens for each modality according to methodology stipulated by the American College of Chest Physicians. This is an updated version of the original guidelines published in Wilderness & Environmental Medicine 2011;22(2):156-166.

ISSN

1545-1534

First Page

43

Last Page

54

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